ASM Publish：Metallographe's Guide： Practices and Procedure..

"Metallographer’s Guide: Practicesand Procedures for Irons and Steels" by Bruce L. Bramfitt, Arlan O.Benscoter
ASM | 2002 | ISBN: 0871707489 9780871707482 | 365 pages | PDF | 35 MB

This guide was prepared not only for the beginningmetallographer but also for the experienced metallographer who may be lookingfor alternatives and new approaches to metallographic practice. For thebeginning metallographer, little or no knowledge of steels and cast irons theguide provides the basic information needed to understand the various types ofsteels and cast irons available in the commercial world; provides examples ofthe multitude of microstructures that the metallographer will encounter, howthese microstructures are created, and how they can be altered by heattreatment and other means. Some metallographers may be working in a smalllaboratory where no metallurgical support is available.

A unique feature of this guide is a separate andcomplete index of the various steels and cast irons used as examples throughoutthe book. The index makes the hundreds of micrographs essentially an Atlas ofMicrostructures.

Although this book is for the novicemetallographer, an experienced metallographer may find it useful in that dozensof special metallographic tips are scattered through the chapters on specimenpreparation and the art of revealing microstructure. This guide could be usedas a university or technical school text to accompany the teaching of alaboratory course in metallography.

Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Atlas of Microstructures
Chapter 1: Introduction to Steels and Cast Irons
Steels
Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels
High-Alloy Steels
Cast Irons
Chapter 2: Origin of Microstructure
Microstructural Development Resulting from HeatTreatment
The Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram
Kinetics of Phase Transformations
The Microstructural Constituents in Steel
Microstructural Development Resulting fromSolidification
Phase Transformations in Cast Irons
Transformations in a 3% C Cast Iron
General Description of Microstructures in CastIrons
Commercial Cast Irons
Chapter 3: Alteration of Microstructure
The Intentional Alteration of Microstructure inSteels and Cast Irons
The Unintentional Alteration of Microstructurein Steels and Cast Irons
Chapter 4: The Metallographer and theMetallographic Laboratory
The Metallographer
The Metallographer versus the Chemist
The Metallographer’s Workday
The Metallographic Laboratory
Safety in the Metallographic Laboratory
Chapter 5: The Metallurgical Microscope
The Microscope
The Objective
The Nosepiece
Optical Defects in Objectives
Types of Objectives
Types of Eyepieces
The Illumination System
The Components of the Illumination System
Types of Illumination
Accessories for the Microscope
The Metallograph
Special Procedures for the MetallurgicalMicroscope
Chapter 6: The Expanded MetallographicLaboratory
The Image Analyzer
The Electron Microscope
The X-Ray Diffractometer
The Hot Stage Microscope
The Microhardness Tester
The Hot Microhardness Tester
Other Specialized Techniques
Chapter 7: Metallographic Specimen Preparation
Information Gathering
Sectioning
Mounting
Grinding
Polishing
Specimen Storage
Chapter 8: The Art of Revealing Microstructure
Etching Response
Revealing Microstructure in an As-PolishedSpecimen
Revealing Microstructure by Etching
The Basic Etchants for Carbon and Low-AlloySteels and Cast Irons
The Attack Etchants
Picral
Variations of Picral
4% Picral and 2% Nital
Basic Tint Etchants for Carbon and Low-AlloySteels and Cast Irons
General Procedure in Using Tint Etchants
The Common Tint Etchants
The Basic Etchants for Stainless Steels
Attack Etchants for Stainless Steels
Electrolytic Etchants for Stainless Steels
The Basic Etchants for Coated Steels
Special Etching Procedures
The Use of the Microscope to EnhanceMicrostructural
Features
Chapter 9: Glossary
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